The cluster approach and territorial recreation systems

The article draws a parallel between the concepts of “tourism cluster “and “territorial recreational system” (TRS) and notes the importance of the in- formation sector in modern society and its influence on the development of TRS. Special attention is paid to sustainable development of the territory against the preservation of traditional landscapes. The authors investigate TRS of wine tourism, based on the wine production and tasting-cognitive ac- tivity in terms of Stavropol wineries (Budennovsk-Levokumskij and Kavminvodsky). Using the example of St. Michael-Athos monastery in set- tlement Pobeda of the Republic of Adygea, the authors research TRS of reli- gious tourism developing on the basis of natural and cultural heritage and anthropogenic resources. By the example of Uchkulanskaya district of the Republic of Karachay-Cherkessia the article analyzes sports tourism as a combination of four components - health-related, cultural-cognitive, compet- itive, spiritual and sacred, and also TRS, formed as a result of interaction of these elements. This study has revealed that the cluster approach combined with the idea of conservation of natural territorial complexes allows to make tourism a multifaceted in a particular area, even if there is one form of tour- ism within the specific TRS, amidst the natural aesthetics of the surrounding landscape. Comprehensive approach to development and planning of tour- ism can contribute to the territory sustainable development as a whole.