Clinical characteristics of mandibular fractures based on the materials of the department of maxillofacial surgery national hospital of the Ministry of Health Kyrgyz Republic

This article presents the clinical characteristics of mandibular fractures based on the materials of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of the National Hospital of the Ministry of Health Kyrgyz Republic from 2014 to 2020. The article addresses the pertinent issue of mandibular fractures, which are the most common among all types of facial skeletal fractures. This study analyzed data from 1193 patients with mandibular fractures who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of mandibular fracture. Clinical methods, including medical history, palpation, assessment of mandibular function, and objective examination, were employed during the examination of patients with mandibular fractures. Radiography, orthopantomography, and computed tomography were used for examination and treatment monitoring. The most common symptoms observed in patients within the first 24 hours after trauma were increased pain upon mouth opening, malocclusion, difficulty in mouth opening, facial asymmetry, and soft tissue swelling on the affected side. Among 21% of patients who underwent additional examination involving a neurologist and neurosurgeon, closed cranial-cerebral trauma was detected, necessitating appropriate medical treatment. It was noted that the highest number of injuries occurred in the area of the mandibular angle, while the least occurred in the region of the coronoid process. The study also confirms that performing computed tomography of the mandible is a useful method for determining the nature of displacement and the types of radiographic characteristics of mandibular condyle fractures.