Clinical and psychological characteristics of women traumatization as consequence of domestic violence

Problem and purpose. The article presents a review of theoretical provisions and studies on the problem of psychological traumatization of women who experienced domestic violence. There is a lack of research on subtle and difficult-to-measure aspects of violence against women, such as psychological ones. At the same time, any form of continuous domestic violence, such as psychological ones, leads to physical, emotional or psychic consequences. Purpose of the article is to identify and characterize the clinical and psychological aspects of traumatization of women who suffered from domestic violence, as well as to specify their personal characteristics. Methodology of research is based on the concepts of psychological traumatization of V. D. Mendelevich and Sells S. B., scientific works of Kachayeva M. A. and Dozortseva E. G.[Kachayeva, Dozortseva, Hitskova]. The analysis of scientific foreign and domestic works was carried out. A total of 68 participants were interviewed, women who suffered from domestic violence, 69% are aged from 20 to 30 years, 30% are of 31-41 years of age. We used two blocks of techniques that allowed us to identify personality characteristics of the respondents and the degree of their traumatization. The block of traumatization diagnostics: 1. Clinical questionnaire for the detection and evaluation of neurotic conditions (the authors-K. K. Yakhnin, V. D. Mendelevich). 2. Test of neuro-psychic adaptation (I.N. Gurvich), Scientific Research Institute named after V.M. Bekhterev. 3. The “Five traumas” Test (Liz Burbo). Block of personality characteristics determination: 1. The Cattell 16 PF questionnaire 2. Symptomatic questionnaire SCL-90-R: Scale of Derogatis. Results. The study showed that in women who experienced domestic violence, the indicators of psychopathological symptomatology exceed the normative standards, what indicates the presence of certain disorders. For example, there was revealed the presence of an acute sense of the importance of one's own personality, the feeling of negative expectations concerning interpersonal interaction with other people. In the state of traumatization, women experience depression and have a pathological psychic level of disadaptation which is not noticeable from aside. The dominant trauma is the one of humiliation which testifies to a pronounced masochistic radical. Conclusion. It is concluded that personality characteristics of women who suffered from domestic violence show their low level of intelligence, emotional immaturity, and the presence of negative expectations about communication with other people. Women who were victims of domestic violence are depressive and maladaptive. And taking into account their general difficulties in communication with other people and general emotional immaturity they find themselves in a complex situation which can probably force them to stay in a traumatic relationship again and again.