Collaborative interactions of regional mechanical engineering enterprises as a factor for stimulating import substitution

The purpose of this study is to show justification of economic collaboration as a factor stimulating the implementation of the import substitution strategy in mechanical engineering. The development of economic collaboration, as a consequence of modern forms of networking in industry, forms a relational space and, by increasing the intensity of technological exchange of enterprises, accelerates the development of high-tech engineering products, including the import-substituting ones. The article highlights the factors influencing the implementation of import substitution in mechanical engineering. The following factors have been chosen as the main factors under investigation: the level of integration interaction in mechanical engineering; the level of technological exchange in the economy; the share of import-export exchange in mechanical engineering; the share of innovative products in the volume of industrial products; the degree of wear and tear of fixed assets in industry. Based on the obtained statistical assessments and selected factors, an econometric multiple regression model has been built. The importance of the factor of technological agreements in the implementation of import substitution is revealed. On the basis of the econometric equation of the model, the approximate economic effect of a decrease in the share of imports in mechanical engineering in the form of budgetary receipts, due to an increase in the volume of industrial production, is calculated. The study has been conducted using the statistical data of the Kaliningrad mechanical engineering complex for the period of 2001 through 2019.