Communicative variants of attributive characterization sentences in Russian language

In the article, we observe communicative variants of sentences with attributive characterization semantics. We review the concept of attributive characterization and describe properties and special aspects of this type of proposition. The typical syntactic structure (TSS) of attributive characterization is N1Descr (cop) Adj1/5Qual, where N1Descr is a position of a subject-descriptive represented by a noun or its equivalent in nominative case; cop is an optional copulative verb to be, to seem etc.; Adj1/5Qual is a predicate-qualititive position (description of a subject) filled by an adjective in nominative or instrumental case, or a short form. By attributive characterization, an object or an event has a certain constant quality, e.g. He was funny. The grass is green. Structurally, variants of attributive characterization sentences usually differ from the standard TSS. In each variant of attributive characterization sentences, a certain communicative intention is utilized, that influences the syntactic composition of a sentence. Sentences like У нее синие глаза (lit. ‘By her, are blue eyes’ = ‘She has blue eyes’) is a communicative variant of Глаза - синие (‘The eyes are blue’). Such kind of sentences is structurally close to existence sentences У них есть книга (lit. ‘By them there is a book’ = ‘They have a book’). We have established that attributive characterization sentences differ from existence sentences with similar structure in semantics of a noun expressing an object that belongs to a possessor. Attributive characterization is formed if a described object is an inseparable part of a possessor Дно у Енисея каменистое (lit. ‘By Yenissey, is a rocky bottom’ = ‘Yenissey has a rocky bottom’), if an object’s description expresses an external/internal quality/property (voice, mimics, height, weight, appearance, personality, behavior, habits, code, intelligence, talent, abilities etc.) У нее необыкновенный талант, У него хриплый голос (lit. ‘By her, is an incredible talent’ = ‘She has an incredible talent’, lit. ‘By him, is a husky voice’ = ‘He has a husky voice’), and if an object is clothes or accessories, with its description depicting possessor’s appearance У него безупречный галстук (lit. ‘By him, is a perfect tie’ = ‘He has a perfect tie’). We established that a word order in such sentences doesn’t take part in forming a proposition type, but rather a thematic-rhematic articulation of a sentence. The у кого какое что (‘by someone, is a certain kind of something’ = ‘someone has something of a certain kind’) structure type expresses a general information, whereas in structures у кого что какое (‘by someone, something is of a certain kind’), что у кого какое (‘something by someone is of a certain kind’), у кого что какое (‘by someone, something is of a certain kind’), какое у кого что (‘a certain kind is by someone of something’), какое что у кого (‘a certain kind of something is by someone’), the emphasis is placed on a quality.