Comorbidity of periodontal and gastrointestinal diseases

The goal of this article is to present review of literature data concerning the problem of combined periodontal lesions and chronic diseases of digestive apparatus from clinical and laboratory-instrumental view point. Gastrointestinal diseases are frequently accompanied by pathologic changes of periodontium. The leading part of such syntropy is disturbance of a number of regulative mechanisms: immune and endocrine disbalance; microcirculatory and neurohumoral regulation; psychosomatic relations; changes in metabolism of connective tissues; mineral metabolism; vitamin deficit. Pathology of digestive system promotes oral microflora negative influence on periodontium, gingivitis and periodontitis development by means of decreasing nonspecific resistance of organism. Pathology of gastrointestinal tract is the risk factor for development and unfavorable clinical course of chronic inflammatory periodontal diseases