Composites with ceramic matrix reinforced with inorganic and organic fillers

The subject of this article is the development of composite materials using ceramic matrices (CM) to increase their strength and reduce the density and brittleness of ceramics. The purpose of this work is to reveal the effect of the content, size, and shape of the introduced fillers on the CM structure, which determines the behavior of CMs. The methods and materials of the study, the analysis of literary sources, as well as the results of the obtained data are considered. For the development of composite materials, we used the loams of the Tyuleikenskoye deposit of the Southern Kyrgyzstan and finely ground basalt powder with organic humate. In addition, we added basalt fibers as an additive. When adding 3-10% of basalt powder to the composition of the clay mass, fire shrinkage decreases slightly. In this limit of additives, the mineralizing effect of the chemical elements of basalt powder and humate on the formation of shards is most effective. With a further increase for additives to 15%, there is an insignificant linear thermal expansion of the samples, which is caused by the phase composition of the shard. At the same time, the optimal firing temperature of raw materials with a content of 3-15% of its additive is 950-1050 °C, within which the main processes of structure formation take place. According to the results of the experiment, the maximum strength of the samples at 1000°C was 15.8-18.8 MPa with the addition of 5% additive, and with an increase in basalt powder and fiber to 15%, the strength was 16.3 MPa. Based on the results obtained, it is possible to use basalt powder and basalt fiber with the addition of humate as the main component in the production of composite ceramic products.