The concept of patriotism in the worldview of F.M. Dostoevsky: experience of historical-philosophical reconstruction

The aim of this study is to reconstruct - based on the creative heritage of F.M. Dostoevsky - by means of historical and philosophical analysis his concept of patriotism, which is an integral part of the philosophical worldview of the great writer and thinker. Dostoevsky’s patriotism included adoration of Russian history and culture, Orthodoxy as the highest and purest form of Christianity, respectful attitude to world culture and anti-Zionism, criticized by the thinker as an antipode of the Russian idea of universal humanity. Through his work Dostoevsky tried to create a synthesis of Slavophilism and Westernism, taking from these heterogeneous and contradictory spiritual currents all the best, in particular - the Slavophiles’ love for the Fatherland and the Westerners’ desire for world culture and European education. The methodological basis of this work includes the hermeneutic method as the interpretation and reconstruction of meanings, comparative historical analysis, and philosophical comparative studies.