The concept of sustainable development in the theory of left-wing alterglobalism: theoretical sources and limitations

The concept of sustainable development has garnered significant attention in political discourse, particularly within left-wing alterglobalism. This article examines the formation of the concept of sustainable development and its key tenets through the lens of Marxist and neo-Marxist political theory within the framework of left-wing alterglobalism. Special emphasis is placed on the specificity of the left-wing alterglobalism position on issues pertaining to the possibility and necessity of sustainable development worldwide. A historical overview of the development of the concept under the auspices of the United Nations (UN) is provided. It is noted that the current Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a refined version of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which were in effect until 2015. The complexity of implementing the SDGs due to the differing initial levels of states is discussed. The specificity of the theory of sustainable development in left socio-political theory is defined, along with the prospects for its utilization in shaping the paradigm of development in post-capitalist society. Despite its theoretical appeal, the implementation of sustainable development faces numerous challenges, including political resistance, vested interests, and unequal power dynamics among nations. The heterogeneity of states’ development levels complicates efforts to achieve global consensus and cooperation in pursuing sustainability goals. In conclusion, the concept of sustainable development within left-wing alterglobalism offers a compelling vision for addressing the interconnected challenges of environmental degradation, social injustice, and economic inequality. By grounding sustainability efforts in Marxist and neo-Marxist principles, this perspective provides a robust framework for envisioning a post-capitalist society based on democratic governance, social equity, and ecological resilience.