Control of work function changes and potential barrier transparency of W(100) and GaAs(110) monocrystals in the submonolayer region

High sensitivity of Anderson's method of retarding potential to the degree of solid surface coverage by adsorbate in the submonolayer region is demonstrated. The similarity and differences in the current-voltage characteristics of monoenergetic low-energy electrons passing from vacuum to metals and semiconductors is demonstrated by the example of W(1OO) and GaAs (11O).