Correction of the increase in fat content of breeding Holstein cows by breeding methods

The article presents the results of long-term author's research on increasing the fat content in the milk of Holstein cows in breeding farms of the Bryansk region. The purpose of the research was to study the possibility of increasing the fat content of cows by breeding and genetic techniques and methods. The research involved breeding cows of Holstein black-mottled and red-mottled colors of six leading breeding farms in the region. In total, data on 6109 lactations (from 1st to 3rd inclusive) of 2213 dairy cows were included in the processing. Statistical materials were processed biometrically using a package of applied computer programs [5]. It was found that, Вtaking into account the purposeful selection of breeding bulls in the breeding farms "Red October"; "New Way", the fat content of cow milk increased significantly and reached the level of 4.13-4.43%. At the same time, in the breeding farm "Niva", where this feature was leveled, there are 257 cows in the herd (19.75%) with a fat content in milk of 3.59% or less; in the breeding farm "Red October" there are only 19 cows (1.15%). It is noted that the individual selection of breeding bulls with a high potential for the fat content of their mother cows plays an important role in increasing the fat content of cows.