Culture of barley in Eastern Siberia

Barley in Eastern Siberia is one of the main for-age crops. The advantage of barley is in its early ripeness. In regional crops for yield (more than 24.0 c/ hectare) is the leader among barley grains, top-ping wheat and oat harvest 2-4 c/ hectare. The history of the region selection includes three stag-es: 1. 1907-1940 - the initial analytical stage, pre-dominant method of individual selection from local assortment. 2. 1941-1970 at this stage of individual selection method from local varieties-populations varieties was established: Pioneer, Tulun 283, Basil improved, Nyurbensky improved, Okhonoysky 566 marked by gradual transition from analytical to syn-thetic selection. 3. From 1971 up to nowadays a new stage of selection is associated with increased scale and use of diverse techniques in breeding. The most intense period is connected with the or-ganization of the East Siberian Selection Centre in 1973. During this period over 4 thousand speci-mens from all over the world were studied. In six-row barley breeding high performance was ob-tained by crossing varieties Chervonets with highly resistant to lodging and diseases of smooth-billed varieties in Canada and the United States. The two-row barley breeding became particularly popular - a variety of Wiener. In Krasnoyarsk Agricultural Research Institute the problem of increasing the adaptability of barley varieties is fundamental. In the late 1970-s the target program was the creation of new varieties adapted to extreme conditions of the region has been developed. The gist of it was in the pool with the help of convergent crosses in one grade plasma the most common varieties of early selection - Wiener, Krasnoufimsky 95, Omsk 13709, Donetsk 650 Tselinny 5. As a result of this work in Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agricul-ture 14 varieties of barley - Agul, Agul 2, Yenisei, Sobolek, Krasnoyarsk 1, Rassvet, Vulcan, Oscar, Bacchus, Olenek, Krasnoyarsk 80, Kedr, Byan, Abalak were created. To the state variety testing new varieties with higher productivity and Takmak, Emelya have been passed.