“Cultural code” as a way of life indigenous peoples of Canada

The article is devoted to the studying the “cultural code” of indigenous peoples. The author considers the relationship among the ethnos and the surrounding space through economic activities, as well as through the culture of food, as a part of spiritual culture. The concept of “gastronomic picture of the world” is considered in detail using the example of the autochthonous peoples of Canada. According to the 1982 Constitution, Canada defines three groups of indigenous peoples: Indians, Métis and Inuit. The aim of the study is to analyze the food culture of the indigenous peoples of the country through the relationship “ethnos - landscape - economic activity - cultural code”. The article identifies and illustrates on the map the physical and geographical areas of residence of the aboriginal population of Canada: Arctic Lands, Cordillera, Interior Plains, Canadian Shield, Hudson Bay Lowlands, St. Lawrence Lowlands, Appalachian Region. The author also shows statistics with the definition of the most densely populated areas. A significant result of the study is the characteristic of six Canadian territories according to the principle of cultural “areas” and by the types of economic activities of the aboriginal population, which was compiled by the author and plotted on a cartographic basis. As an illustrative part of the scientific material, the author takes as a basis the story of agriculture, hunting, fishing of various tribes of the indigenous peoples of Canada.