The quantum and wave characteristics of spatial and energetic interactions

The quantum ideas about the structure of atoms and molecules are the foundation of modern scientific theories. So, the steady angular momentum of the electron is an integer multiple of Planck's constant. It is the principal quantum number, and three others in general uniquely characterize the state of any atom. The multiplicity of atomic quantum characteristics is manifested in the spectral data for simple and complex structures. The article shows that in two-particle interactions the principle of summing the inverse quantities of subsystems energetic characteristics is carried out during the processes which occur by potential gradient, and the principle of their algebraic addition - during the processes which occur against potential gradient. The authors calculated the equation of dependence of spatial and energetic parameter of free atoms from their wave, spectral and frequency characteristics.