Laparoscopic treatment of recurrent gastroesophageal reflux disease and hiatal hernia after two failed fundoplications: a clinical case

Aim: identification of the main causes of failures of previous surgical interventions and methods of their prevention during the primary surgical treatment of hernia of the esophageal orifice of the diaphragm.Material and methods. To address the scientific inquiry, an extensive review was conducted across global scientific literature focused on the treatment of primary and recurrent hernias of the esophageal orifice of the diaphragm (GPOD). Additionally, a clinical observation is provided, detailing a surgical intervention performed on a patient who had undergone correction for hernia and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) on two prior occasions.Results. The scientific literature reports limited instances of successfull correction of the recurrence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and gastroesophageal orifice diaphragmatic hernias (GPOD) in patients after two fundoplications. The term ‘failed fundoplication’ is introduced, a concept not yet described in domestic literature. Eliminating the incorrectly formed antireflux mechanism, which leads to a programmed recurrence of GPOD, and implementing technically correct antireflux interventions allow for the achievement of a pronounced clinical effect in patients who have undergone one or more fundoplications, provided there is adequate peristalsis of the esophagus and stomach. In the presented clinical case, the surgical procedure is based on the principles of mitigating the consequences of the previous intervention through repeated intervention primarily focused on eliminating gastroesophageal reflux.Conclusion. Repeated antireflux surgical interventions pose a significant challenge in surgical treatment, attributable to multiple factors concurrently. Identifying technical errors during early antireflux surgical interventions, eliminating them, and establishing an adequate antireflux mechanism contribute to the success of repeated interventions. Standardization of antireflux interventions is imperative, as adherence to the technical aspects of primary surgical interventions represents the most effective means to diminish the risk of disease relapse and the frequency of subsequent revision antireflux operations.