Elimination of illiteracy and development of preschool and school education in the 1930s in the Khanty-Mansiysk okrug - Yugra

This study attempts to trace the development of pre-school and school education of special settlers in the 1930s in the Khanty-Mansiysk Okrug -Yugra. By the mid of 1930s, cultural and educational work among children and young adults of special settlers was carried out in special settlements. A program of universal compulsory primary education for children of special settlers was developed, building of new schools was planned. The whole process of formation and development of preschool and school education in special settlements was carried out in difficult geographical and material conditions. It is important to note that this was the subject of constant care of Commissars of Education of the USSR, of the Gulag, local authorities and public education, heads of industries and institutions where special settlers worked. The main forms of work among special settlers included: school classes, talks, lectures, circle work, supply of literature and periodicals. The percentage of children of special settlers included in the education process had very important political consequences.