Linguistic steganography: state-of-the-art. Part 2

In the article the approaches aimed at overcoming the drawbacks of the formal approach are presented. Unlike the formal methods, semantic and transformational approaches are directed at concealing the fact of passing the message not only from automatic systems, but also from being revealed by a human. Different methods accounting for the semantics of the generated stegotext are observed. Machine translation based steganography is described as a special type of linguistic steganography. Advantages and disadvantages of the techniques presented are analyzed.