Minimally invasive methods of keratoconus surgical treatment (review)

The review is devoted to minimally invasive methods of surgical treatment of keratoconus. Typical clinical manifestations of keratoconus are patients' young age and progressive course of the disease. Therefore, the problem of increasing keratoconus treatment effectiveness, especially at the early stages using minimally invasive techniques, does not lose its relevance, that determines the variety of the proposed methods and technologies and their modifications. Scientific literature review showed high activity of researchers aimed at developing new and improving the existing minimally invasive methods for surgical treatment of keratoconus. A significant number of publications is devoted to intrastromal keratoplasty (ISKP) with implantation of corneal segments. The ongoing studies touch upon both ways of forming the intrastromal tunnel, and the design of new models of the corneal segments, as well as the comprehensive analysis of their clinical application results. Special attention should be paid to the precision of performing ISKP to achieve high functional results and patient satisfaction with the quality of vision. In our opinion, this direction of research is especially promising and requires further development.