Mariya Fedorova – terrorist and victim of terror

The article is the first to consider the attempt on the life of Voronezh governor M.M. Bibikov. The research is based on the analysis of the documents stored in the regional and central archives. M. Fedorova, a member of the Socialist Revolutionary Party, made an assassination attempt on April 23, 1908 in Voronezh. The article focuses on the local underground organizations of the Socialist Revolutionary Party in Voronezh, their practice of revolutionary terror, the personality of M. Fedorova, and the preparation and attempt of the terrorist against the governor and the causes for its failure. It concludes that the effectiveness of the terrorist actions was reduced due to an internal crisis in the underground Socialist Revolutionary Party organizations.