Mathematical modeling and optimization of the magnetic characteristic of the spacecraft actuator device

This paper considers the urgent problem of developing modern initiating devices for space technology that provide high reliability with minimal impact. The research is aimed at creating an electromagnetic initiating device capable of replacing traditional pyrotechnic systems, which have a number of significant disadvantages, such as high shock loads, one-time use, and the complexity of ground-based mining. The main purpose of the work is to develop the design of an electromagnetic control unit with optimal weight and size characteristics, ensuring a high response rate with minimal impact. The article discusses in detail the principle of operation of the device based on the interaction of the solenoid with the conductive shell of the core, where the braking effect is achieved by generating eddy currents. This principle makes it possible to significantly reduce shock loads compared to traditional solutions. Special attention in the study is paid to the methodology of parametric analysis and optimization of the structure. The application of the finite element method in the ANSYS Maxwell software package made it possible to identify the key design parameters that have the greatest impact on the device's performance. To build an accurate mathematical model, a machine learning algorithm based on polynomial regression with regularization was used, which provided high prediction accuracy. An important part of the study was the multi-purpose optimization of the design using the game theory algorithm. This approach made it possible to effectively solve the problem of simultaneously increasing the useful operation of the actuator with a minimal increase in the mass of the device. The optimization results are confirmed by complex simulation of the device dynamics in the MATLAB Simulink environment. The calculations and simulations performed demonstrated the appropriate operational characteristics of the developed device. The results obtained are of practical importance for the space industry, opening up opportunities for replacing traditional pyrotechnic systems with more reliable and safe electromagnetic analogues.