The mechanism of immunobiological tolerance during pregnancy in ‘mother- fetus-newborn’ functional system

The research objective was to establish and estimate the mechanisms of the formation of immunological tolerance in ‘mother-fetus-newborn’ system, its specific properties under direct influence of natural anti-gene incentives. The researches were conducted under production conditions of pig-breeding complex ‘Shturm’ of Krasnogvardeisk district of Stavropol Region on the pigs of large white breed. For carrying out the research from 20 sows of the first farrow the pigs of 90 heads during their neonatal period were selected. The technique of the research provided the immunization of the sows by the extracts of spermatozoa and semen plasma. The extracts of xenogen spermatozoa were prepared by the standard technique and the animals were immunized under the conjunctiva of an eye eyelid, and full adjuvant was entered intramuscularly. Other animals were immunized with semen plasma according to the same scheme. The cycles of immunization consisted of three daily injections on 0.3 ml for extract of spermatozoa and on 0.05 ml for semen plasma (about 4 mg of protein). Three cycles of immunization with 2 days intervals for the extracts of spermatozoa and 3 days for semen plasma were carried out. After the completion of the immunization its efficiency by precipitation method in agar was estimated. By the results of the research the following options of tolerance approach were revealed. First, the influence of lymphocytes T-suppressors was prevailing appearing in larger number during pregnancy and interfered with distinguishing the function of lymphocytes of T-assistants, and also the synthesis of antibodies or blast transformation of V-lymphocytes. These processes appeared under direct influence of the signals from marrowy cells and owing to the regulation from outside hypothalamus-hypoadrenal-cortical axes. Secondly, the establishment of tolerance in mother-fetus system was promoted by the property of blood at pregnancy to suppress the activity of lymphocytes which appeared in the process of products of fertilization.