Regulatory mechanisms of green energy in Russia

The article is devoted to the analysis of green energy regulation mechanisms in Russia. The problem of slow development of green energy, non-compliance with the planned indicators for 2020, as well as the high probability of introducing a carbon tax on imported products by the European Union, which could affect a significant part of Russian exports, predetermined the purpose, subject and relevance of this study. The article focuses on the Russian law of 2009 on renewable energy sources, in particular, on mechanisms to support green energy for the wholesale and retail markets. Due to the lack of positive results over the next two years, the relevant law was further developed in 2011 and 2013, after a review of which the author identified a key parameter - capacity trading (under a capacity supply agreement). Based on the analysis of this resolution, it was revealed that the selection of capacities is carried out through participation in auctions, in which tender participants are obliged to provide the terms of reference for the project. The author pays special attention to such a key indicator as the degree of project localization. This indicator is one of the limiting factors for the development of green energy in our country, which subsequently underwent certain changes to increase investment attractiveness. Based on the above features, the author analyzed the statistical data to achieve the target indicator of the solar, wind and hydropower capacities provided for auctions, the average capacity and the total number of projects for the auction period of time. It was concluded that the implementation of this scheme in practice has a number of uncertainties. However, in general, it contributed to the development of the renewable energy sector in Russia. At the same time, the author noted that there is a need to extend the capacity mechanism after 2025 for the development of the Russian energy sector, given that the last auction was held in 2019.