Melioration of agricultural lands in Russia: state and prospects of development

The problem of preservation and improvement of soil fertility is becoming increasingly important due to the sharp deterioration of their condition, increasing anthropogenic degradation. Because of the very high degree of soil plowing, as well as limited opportunities to expand agricultural land, further development of agriculture in the country is determined by the perfection of its structure and the increased use of innovative, resource-saving technologies and integrated reclamation systems, which together should provide improving soil fertility, which in turn provides food security of our country.Solutions to the problems associated with the improvement of soil quality and degradation processes cupping is to revive and make full use of complex land reclamation. According to the research results of the crop yield capacity in degraded soils, which are more than 1357.6 thous. ha in the Russian Federation, is decreased by 40-70%. It entails up to 20 billion. rubles damage from a shortage of products. Painful transition period of 1991-2000 was characterized in the country with practical cessation or sharp decline of the volumes of reclamation work, the appearance of orphan reclamation facilities and their looting, neglect, and the almost complete abandonment of chemical and biological reclamation. Currently "State program of agricultural development for 2013-2020", which includes the subprogram "Development of agricultural land reclamation land in Russia for 2014-2020" is functioning. Annual monitoring of the implementation of measures included in the program indicates its effectiveness and viability. However, without attracting advanced high technologies with the advanced world experience in the field of design, construction and operation of reclamation systems and facilities for the innovative development of a comprehensive reclamation in Russia, its development will be very difficult.