Methodological basis of surgical reconstruction of the trachea in its long-term stenosis

The aim of the study is to improve the results of treatment of cicatricial stenosis of the trachea. The stages of performing a circular resection of the trachea, which increases the effectiveness of restoring the lumen of the trachea in case of its cicatricial obstruction, are described. This technique was tested on 15 patients. All this made it easier to complete the task at the optimal time of treatment. Material and methods. In the Otolaryngology Department of the National Hospital under the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic, under our supervision, there were 15 patients with a cicatricial process or tracheomalacia with a length of more than 5 semicircles. In 6 patients, the length of destruction of its lumen acceptable for reconstruction of the trachea was lengthened by a cannula tracheostomy located at the lower edge, and in 9 patients, cicatricial deformity of the lumen of the trachea or tracheomalacia was localized in the cervical region and in other above-mentioned anatomical structures of the respiratory tract. In all these observations, an original approach to the task was needed, which would solve the problem of eliminating the obstruction of the lumen of the trachea either at the first surgical intervention, or, by performing a successful complete or partial reconstruction of the cervical trachea, would facilitate the restoration of its lumen in the thoracic region or in the larynx. Conclusion. It follows from the materials presented that the method of performing the described variant of reconstructive surgery, which differs not only in the lower, but also in the upper mobilization of the respiratory tract, as well as an economical attitude even to the part of the trachea injured by the cannula tracheostomy, while maintaining the elasticity and rigidity of its remaining walls, deserves attention and, of course, can be recommended for implementation in practice.