Migration from the African continent to the European Union: current trends

The article considers the problem of population migration from the territory of the African continent. The paper is an overview of the key factors influencing the formation of migration flows and their intensity. The author analyzes the main reasons for the mass exodus of the population, including socio-economic factors, political instability and environmental problems paying a particular attention to the directions of migration flows and their impact on both the countries of origin and the host countries. The author studies demographic characteristics of migrants and the specifics of their integration in new communities. In the analysis, the author pays special attention to the problems of the effectiveness of international mechanisms for regulating migration and the policies of various countries towards African migrants. The main emphasis of the article is on the lack of a comprehensive approach to solving the migration problem, which simultaneously provides for a systemic overcoming of socio-economic and socio-political crises on the territory of the African continent and the creation of mechanisms to control migration beyond its borders, including on the territory of the main recipient - the European Union. The latter's activities are currently characterized by low efficiency of migration policy, which contributes to the accumulation of a huge number of illegal migrants who are not deported to their homeland and are not socialized in the host countries, increasing the likelihood of a new migration crisis. The author states that only comprehensive measures implemented by recipient countries, donor countries and international organizations are capable of creating a synergistic effect and qualitatively improving the situation for all its participants.