Microscopic fungi mushrooms that cause sieves in the national park «Mari Chodre»

In this paper, we analyzed the diversity of soil fungi that cause diseases of the Finnish spruce (Picea×fennica (Regel) Kom.) on the territory of the national Park «Mari Chodra» (NP «Mari Chodra») of the Republic of Mari El. Collection of field materials was conducted in the summer of 2019 in five plant communities. In the places of growth of Finnish spruce of different ages, in the Central part of the Park were laid 2x2 m site and made geobotanical descriptions taking into account the abundance and coverage of grass-shrub tier forest communities. Mycological analysis of wood and soil was carried out by dry method and breeding. Fungi of the genus Penicillium, Rhizopus, Trihoderma, Aspergillus were identified in soil samples. Selected soil isolates when tested on the test objects (Paramaeciumcaudatum) has shown toxicity. The wood was dominated by isolates of the genus Fusarium sp., and Rhizopus sp. Adverse weather and climatic conditions (too wet summer) contributed to the development of wood rot. The tree infected with mushrooms continues to collapse, especially in wet areas.