Modeling and analysis of agricultural production in the regions of Russia

The relevance of this study is justified by the need to identify sources of growth in agricultural production through the effective use of resource factors. The main goal of the paper is to model the impact of labor and capital on the volume of production in the agricultural sector across various regions of the Russian Federation. The methodology of the study is based on applying the Cobb-Douglas production function to create a model that analyzes the effect of labor and capital on agricultural production output. As indicators illustrating the costs of production factors, data on investments in fixed capital, wage expenditures, and the value of agricultural products are proposed. The analysis of the production function for agricultural production in different regions of Russia was conducted using an author-developed software tool in Python, with the use of NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, and Statsmodels libraries. This approach allowed for the estimation of the elasticity of agricultural production output concerning labor costs and the identification of efficient and inefficient regions based on the utilization of these production factors. The analysis concluded that the labor factor significantly impacts the volume of agricultural production in most regions of Russia, highlighting the need for technological development in agriculture.