Mohe - Tunguses

A.P. Okladnikov determined the ethnicity of archeological sites in Amur Region as related to Mohe tribes 50 years ago. Afterwards such sites were excavated in Maritime Region, China. They were studied extensively for the recent 10-15 years and it permits to educe five local variants of Mohe culture at the territory of Russian Far East as well as to define a new culture (Mikhailovo), which were earlier related to Mohe. Amur Basin is the largest across boundary area. Amur sources are in the Transbaikal, Eastern Mongolia and on the western slope of the Great Khingan Mountains. It was impossible to form a single ethnic complex at this territory. A burial ground near Shapka Mountain is a good example. Mohe left behind it as well as the Troitsk burial ground. But the anthropological type of population, who left behind the burial ground near Shapka Mountain, differ from population from the Troitsk burial ground. This type is peculiar to Far East race, included Chinese, Koreans, Japanese. Soviet linguists and ethnographers attempted to determine the language of Mohe (they did not have written language). Linguistic and cultural specificity of every ethnos stably preserves for a long time. Detailed analysis of the first written language has been provided for the last 15 years. Whereas Jurchen bearers are the direct descents of Mohe, the study of their language is important for archaeologists, who work in the Amur and Maritime Regions. We present here the analysis of linguistic borrowings in Jurchen (Turcisms and Mongolisms), which allow to determine the Mohe origin.