Molecular genetic analysis samoilenki lines of maize

In the Russian Federation, the gross grain harvest of corn in recent years has declined. The main causes of reduction of crops of grain corn, a minor area on irrigated land; weak introduction of high-yielding hybrids, especially the early and medium early in maturing; the lack of established seed production of heterotic hybrids. On the nutritional value of the grain compared to other maize plants is much higher. Grain it is widely used for feed (about 65% of world production), food purposes (over 25%) and raw materials for industry (10%). Classical breeding methods have created a huge amount of valuable breeding material. Selection process conducted by traditional methods, may take on average up to 15 years. The introduction of innovative technologies of molecular genetic evaluation of breeding material in the seed process will provide an opportunity to significantly reduce the time of creation of forms with desired properties, directly manipulating of genetic material. Analysis and classification of a huge reserve of variability detected at the DNA level and the underlying genetic diversity of breeding material is highly relevant for breeding because of these nucleotide modifications, and their combination in the end determine phenotypic variability. The most simple informative method of analysis of genetic diversity in breeding material can serve as a RAPD analysis. It allows you to amplify different stretches of DNA with unknown localization in the genome. This method is based on using one or more arbitrary oligonucleotide primers, where the forward and reverse primers performs the same oligonucleotide. The result of PCR with arbitrary primers formed a range of unique, often polymorphic fragments of genomic DNA. Determination of genetic distances between lines will facilitate the selection of parental pairs in hybrid combinations and may help to predict heterosis without years of field testing.