Monitoring of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the red whortleberry pine forest

The monitoring of agarics on the Perm Territory has been done since 1975 till the present time in the different types of forests (the southern taiga subzone). The research has been carried out by a stationary method (the test areas are 50x20 m) in 3 stages: I period - 1975-1977; II period - 1994-1996; III period - 2010-2012. Regularly, every decade in August and at the beginning of September, we picked up mushrooms and kept records of the species composition, the quantity of mushroom bodies of each species and their raw biomass. The results of the research in the red whortleberry pine forest (1975-2012) are given in the article. By the present time, 182 species and intraspecific taxa of agarics have been found in the red whortleberry pine forest, 101 of them (55.5%) are ectomycorrhizal fungi. The latter have symbiotic relationships mostly with Pinus sylvestris L. that has a wide range of mycorrhizal fungi. The mushrooms belong to 8 families and 19 genera. Families Cortinariaceae, Russulaceae, Tricholomataceae and Boletaceae prevail. The majority of species are in 5 families: Cortinarius (41 species), Russula (16), Lactarius (9), Amanita (6) and Tricholoma (5). We have noted that biota of the mycorrhizal fungi has changed more than that of the higher plants (J I-II =69; J II-III =61; J I-III =50). Jaccard index calculated by appearing mushrooms varies from 43 to 46. Jaccard index determined by mycelium is rather high (7186). The quantity of dominant fungi in different periods has varied from 7 to 10 species by biomass, and from 5 to 7 species - by mushroom bodies. The species composition of dominant fungi changes greatly every year. Jaccard index by biomass varies from 5 to 31, by mushroom bodies - from 5 to 7.