Monitoring engine toxicity parameters and selective control of its systems

If the technical condition of an engine changes during the operation of its power supply system, ignition system, piston-cylinder group, intake and exhaust system, it deteriorates the combustion process, increases toxic components, and thus exhausts the catalyst lifespan. In turn, the catalyst failure will cause non-compliance of the vehicle emission class with the EURO standards. Replacement of the failed element will not help; and to eliminate the initial cause of the catalyst failure, it is necessary to replace some elements of the systems. In this regard, development of methods for controlling changes in the concentration of toxic components CO, CH, CO2, and O2 in exhaust gases is a relevant issue of engine operation. This is feasible due to the use of portable gas analyzers that are built into the exhaust systems. A portable gas analyzer can operate discretely, in test modes for monitoring toxicity parameters, e. g., in idle mode, in acceleration mode, in constant power and load modes, when the individual cylinders of the engine operate selectively. This research shows how to perform full and partial cylinder shutdown using a developed portable device, i. e. a loader of gasoline engine, for complete cylinder loading. Toxicity parameters are measured using a four-component gas analyzer. The research showed that is highly efficient to control the technical condition of the cylinder-piston group, fuel and ignition systems, and other systems by controlling the toxicity parameters of exhaust gases. If the selectivity of load impact on individual cylinders is high, and if it varies significantly, the catalyst failure can be prevented due to the adaptability of actuators to changes in the technical condition of individual nodes.