Morphological characteristics of fencers at different training stages taking into account limb functional asymmetry

In Russia there is an intensification of children’s and youth sports. The most important role of the correct construction of the training plan at the initial stages of the training process is known, which contributes to the achievement of maximum sports result. Particular attention should be paid to the biological aspect, including morphological parameters, which, on the one hand, can be a component of the morphofunctional model at the stages of the training process and, on the other hand, to reveal individual and, to a large extent, genetically determined features of an athlete which will allow to realize its individual prerequisites. The article presents qualitative and quantitative types of analysis of anthropometric indicators taking into account the leading limb of fencers at different stages of preparation. 15 skilled 17-25 years-old male fencers (I category - MS) and 15 boys who were 11-12 years old at the initial stage of the survey have been examined and their training experience before the beginning of the study was one year. The control groups included non-athletic same-age peers of the athletes: 10 boys and 15 boys. The examination of children took place in 3 stages: in September 2015, at the end of May 2016 and 2017. It was shown that the skilled fencers had the specific character of the morphological «portrait» of the leading and non-leading upper and lower limbs, which can be used in sports modeling for right-handed and left-handed people. As for the young fencers, specialized training loads during the first and the second training years have a selective effect on some girths of the upper and lower limbs. Apparently, during the next training stages of athletes in fencing, it is possible to predict (against the background of pubertal transformations combined with increasing training intensity) the manifestation of further stages in the formation of a morphological «portrait» of an athlete with an obligatory account of functional development of leading and non-leading limbs.