Broiler chicks spleen morphological features when using immunostimulating drugs

The purpose of research is to study the state of the spleen under the influence of immunostimulating substances based on bacteria. The study was carried out in the laboratory of the Anatomy and Physiology Department of the Northern Trans-Urals, in the Tyumen Region. The object of the study was broilers of the Cobb 500 cross. The control group of chickens consumed the main diet, consisting of complete feed and clean water. Chickens of the I experimental group in the main period of the experiment received the probiotic supplement Vetom 2 with drinking water at a dose of 50 mg per 1 kg of live weight, and chickens of the II experimental group - Lactobifadol with feed at a dose of 0.2 g per 1 kg of live weight birds. Morphological examination was subjected to 3 individuals from each group. Linear parameters were measured using an Electronic Digital Caliper with an accuracy of + 0.2 mm. Microscopic studies of the spleen were performed using a Micros microscope at a magnification of 200-400 times in 10 fields of view of correctly oriented sections. The established numerical data were subjected to variant statistical processing according to Student using Excel 2010. The weight of the spleen in all groups of birds was 2.0 ± 0.11 g. The relative weight of the spleen to the body weight of the birds on average in the groups: control - 0.097 %; the first experimental - 0.095; the second experimental - 0.092 %. In the spleen of 34-day-old chickens, the histological process of differentiation of lymphoid tissue into T- and B-dependent zones is not completed. A slight increase in the volume of the white pulp of the organ in the first experimental group was probably due to an increase in the area of lymphoid follicles by 49.2 %. In the II experimental group, there is a significant increase in the white pulp in the parenchyma, while the volume of lymphoid follicles is only 13.8 % more than in the control group. These processes indicate that probiotic supplementation stimulates the development of splenic lymphoid tissue.