A morphological study of the local effect of the implants with superhard-compound coatings on bone tissue under the conditions of induced trauma

Purpose. A comparative morphological study of bone tissue responsiveness to transosseous insertion of the implants made of copper (Cu), 12X18H9T medical steel, 12X18H9T steel with variant coatings of titanium and hafnium nitrides (TiN + HfN), as well as with those of titanium and zirconium nitrides (TiN + ZrN) into the tibial shafts of experimental rats. Materials and Methods. Four (4) groups of rats were formed including two (2) groups of comparison (12Х18Н9Т and Cu) and two (2) experimental groups (TiN+HfN and TiN+ZrN) with the above implants. Histological investigation of the tibial parts directly contacted with the implants performed at the end of each period of experimental observation. Results. The obtained results demonstrated the restoration of the bone injured with the implant, and bone marrow in groups with the implants of 12X18H9T steel to occur without granulation and cartilaginous tissues, while that with the implants of steel coated with titanium and hafnium nitrides (TiN + HfN) to occur free of complications and in earlier periods. At the same time, cases of necrosis, bone tissue destruction and lysis registered in the groups of using the implants of copper (Cu), the implants of steel with the coating of combined titanium and zirconium nitrides (TiN + ZrN), and the recovery process was secondary via the cartilaginous tissue. Conclusion. The applied coatings of combined TiN+HfN give the implants chemical and biological inertness, and they can be recommended for clinical use.