Multimodal treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: the importance of radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgical resection

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of modern approaches to multimodal treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Based on a systematic review of the scientific literature, the effectiveness of various therapeutic strategies depending on the stage of the disease is considered. It is shown that at early stages (I-II), surgical resection remains the gold standard with a five-year survival of 52-89% for stage I and 33-52% for stage II. For inoperable patients with early NSCLC, stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR/SBRT) has become an alternative. In locally advanced NSCLC (IIIA-N2) and more advanced stages (T4-Add N2 M0), a combination of chemoradiotherapy followed by immunotherapy and potential inclusion of a surgical component demonstrates a significant improvement in survival. The effectiveness of trimodal therapy with a median overall survival of 35.8 months was separately noted. It was found that the integration of immunotherapy and targeted drugs into treatment regimens significantly expands therapeutic options and improves the prognosis of the disease. The results of the study confirm the need for an individualized approach to the treatment of NSCLC, taking into account the stage of the disease, the molecular genetic profile of the tumor and the functional status of the patient.