Accumulation of protein in cereal of durum wheat depending on genotype and environment

The problem of protein content in wheat grain in connection with breedingis exacerbated by the negative relationship with the grain yield and the complexity of breeding for these two traits simultaneously. A possible way to overcome or reduce the severity of the inconsistency of these traitscan be to attract “strong” genes that ensure a high protein content to the selection. These genes (Gpc) were found in wild flock (Triticum dicoccoides), quite often they occur among landrace varieties and very rarely among varieties of the period of scientific breeding, including modern varieties. In this regard, the aim of the research was to find among the varieties of different stages of breeding in Russia, stable in different conditions of the environment, accumulating a large amount of protein in the grain. The studies were carried out in 9 media localized in the regions of Russia and Kazakhstan (Aktyubinsk). 29 varieties were studied. As a result, the structure of the variant was determined, where the share of the genotype was 18.6%, environment 41.9%, genotype-environment interactions (GI) 38.8%. The parameters of adaptability, stability and breeding value of genotypes varied significantly depending on the characteristics of varieties, which became an objective basis for the application of cluster analysis. As a result, the investigated varieties were grouped into 5 clusters. The most interesting are the varieties of the first cluster, characterized by a low interaction variant in a particular environment (CACi), the stability of the trait and high parameters of general adaptability (OASi). It is assumed that the varieties of this cluster, on the pedigree of which the high-protein genotypes Kharkivska 46 and Kharkovskaya 51 contributed a great deal, Triticumdicoccum and local varieties can carry “strong” genes with effects similar to the alleles of the Gpc loci.