Applied relieves in the form of heads on the ceramics from the upper chalcolithic horizon of Tell Yunatsite

Applied relieves in the form of heads on the ceramics were quite common in the Neolithic and the Chalcolithic of central and southern Europe; however, judging by publications, they are few in number. The upper horizon dating to this age at Tell Yunatsite is no exception. It has yielded a little bit more than 20 fragments including applied relieves in the form of heads on the walls of closed vessels (Fig. 1), lid knobs (Fig. 2: 1-4; 3: 4), heads along the rim of open vessels (Fig. 2: 5; 3: 1), a head on the wall of a hollow stand (Fig. 3: 2), a head from a vessel of unclear form (Fig. 3: 5), flat handles shaped as roughly sketched heads (Fig. 3: 3). The number of this type of heads discovered at other sites is basically comparable to the number of such items found in the upper Chalcolithic horizon at Tell Yunatsite. Given that it is a settlement with very large assemblages of ceramics in all horizons and in the layer, the number of the applied heads found is very small to allow for understanding of their symbolism and functional use...