Directions of development and state regulation of import of goods in modern conditions

The relevance of the research topic is that import plays a key role in the functioning of the country's economy, affecting both the consumption of goods and the production of goods and services, as well as the formation of a competitive environment. Therefore, state policy in the field of import should be balanced, aimed at both the development of a competitive environment and the need for goods for production and goods for consumption. Now, since 2022, international sanctions have been applied to the import of a number of goods for Russia, which complicates the implementation of imports and requires improving state regulation measures in this area. The purpose of the study is to study the directions of development and state regulation of imports of goods in modern conditions in the Russian Federation. Both the changed conditions and the indicators of imports of goods over the past few years were studied. Conclusions were made that Russian imports in recent years have been shifting towards Asia, to those countries that have not joined the sanctions (China, primarily), although the share of European imports is still quite large. In 2023, due to changes in the import structure, it was possible to restore and even increase its volumes compared to 2022. At the same time, import substitution programs aimed at reducing dependence on imported supplies are also being implemented in Russia. So far, high import dependence remains in the pharmaceutical, electronics, vehicle manufacturing and some other areas. In general, equipment imports are relevant and in demand. At the same time, parallel imports are becoming more complicated, sanctions are negatively affecting import opportunities. At present, the development of import substitution in those industries where dependence on imports is high and the development of cooperation with countries that have not joined the sanctions are also relevant in order to optimize import supplies of goods necessary for the Russian economy.