Heritability of the duration of the vegetation period in lentil F2 hybrids in the conditions of the Omsk region

The purpose of research is to identify the spectrum of genetic diversity of early ripening in hybrid combinations of the second generation of lentils to accelerate the selection of valuable genotypes and create varieties adapted to the climatic conditions of the region. Research was carried out from 2020 to 2022 at the experimental site of the educational and experimental farm of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Omsk Civil Aviation in the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk Region. The value of the hydrothermal coefficient indicates very dry conditions in 2020 (HTC = 0.62) and 2021 (HTC = 0.68), slightly dry conditions in 2022 (HTC = 1.02). The soil of the experimental plot is medium-deep meadow-chernozemic (45 cm), low-humus (3.95 % humus), medium-loamy (35 % physical clay) with a soil solution reaction close to neutral (pH - 6.5). The predecessor is spring soft wheat. Four collection samples of lentils with a complex of economically valuable traits of different ecological and geographical origin were subject to study: k-2888 (Moldova), k-2849 (Russia, Altai Region), Rauza (Russia, Oryol Region), Vehovskaya (Russia, Saratov Region) - and four F2 hybrids obtained as a result of intraspecific crossing: k-2888 × Rauza, k-2888 × Vehovskaya, k-2849 × Rauza, k-2849 × Vehovskaya. Analysis of the data obtained showed that the duration of the growing season is characterized by low heredity (H2 = 19.0 %). This means that the phenotypic variability of the trait is determined by the natural and climatic conditions of the environment. It is advisable to select valuable early ripening genotypes in later generations of hybrids under favorable conditions. Hybrid combinations that are promising in practical selection of lentils for early ripening are: k-2849 × Vehovskaya and k-2888 × Vehovskaya.