Informal employment in the mining industry of Mongolia and the Republic of Buryatia

The paper discusses the features of the development of socially distinguishable factors of mining in the adjacent territories of Russia and Mongolia. The historical aspects of the formation of the mining industry in Mongolia and Buryatia, as well as modern features of the manifestation of non-specific social problems in this industry, are consistently demonstrated. The current state of the problem and the social effects of the mining industry are shown on the example of illegal gold mining in Mongolia and jade in Buryatia. The scale of the spread of such informal labor practices has led to the actualization of the regulatory role of state structures in this area. However, despite the measures taken, there is a need to ensure a full-fledged dialogue between all participants interested in the most effective system for organizing the process of mining.