Some peculiar features of legal personality of persons participating in civil and family relations

Introduction: issues of legal personality of individuals, groups and entities are de facto insignificantly studied in legal doctrine, since scientists focus their attention on the problems of studying legal personality in general as a legal category. Neither civil nor family law has reached a consensus on the legal substance of the category of legal personality. Therefore, insufficient ‘legal attention’ is paid to the issues of legal personality of individuals, as well as separate social groups and entities. Purpose: to study the peculiar features of legal personality of individuals, social groups, public and non-public entities; try using the legal category of legal personality as a legal boundary between subjects and objects of civil legal relations; to justify the necessity (or lack of such) to qualify legal personality of the family as a social group. Methods: the methodological framework of the research is based on a set of scientific cognition methods: dialectical and formal logic, complex analysis, comparison and generalization, as well as the system cognition method. Results: legal personality in civil law is an independent legal form covering the participants of civil legal relations. Family law is not an exception. Legal personality of some individuals participating in civil and family relations has its own peculiar features. Conclusions: legal personality of individuals can arise before the birth of an individual and does not cease after his/her death, which is a feature of their legal status in the ‘legal space ’. Modern realities of civil circulation indicate the possibility of assigning legal personality to virtual persons (robots) as a projection, a replacement of individuals. However, assignment of legal personality to virtual persons depends entirely on the will of individuals. A peculiar feature of legal personality of legal entities and public entities is that it has the nature of a privilege, a bonus, a recognition. The uniqueness of such legal personality is predetermined by the collective resource capabilities and opportunities of the participants (public entities and legal entities). Married individuals (spouses) and single individuals are vested with an absolute equal legal capacity and civil competence, but unequal family legal personality. Since the category of legal personality is typical of public entities and legal entities (separate social groups), it implies its applicability in certain legal situations to qualify the family.