Some results of naked oat breeding for European territory of Russia

In modern world oat became much more importance for use in human nutrition; oat products belong to health - functional food with positive influence on human health. In this connection, breeding of naked oat is actual because it has quality valuable grain and is more suitable for processing than husked oat. The studies were conducted in Federal Agricultural Scientific Center of North-East, Kirov region, and Samara Agricultural Research Institute. First varieties of naked oat were created in 60-th of XX century but they were not used, so studies were terminated. Breeding was renewed in 1994 and in 2007 variety Vyatsky was included in State Register of Russian Federation, in 2013 - variety Persheron. Variety Vyatsky combined yield capacity (in average 3.77 t/ha) with high parameters of grain quality: test weight 647 g/l, 1000-grain mass 26…32 g, grain content of protein 15.71 %, of fat 8.1 %, and field resistance to loose smut, crown rust and bacterial blight, resistance to logging and grain flow, to drought. Oat Persheron was created by intraspecific crossing with further individual selection from hybrid population F3 АО 503/1 (naked) х Ulov (Husked) and repeated selection for trait «nakedness». Average yield of Persheron (4.8 t/ha) in competitive test was 0.5 t/ha higher than variety Vyatsky with maximal yield 5.9 t/ha. Variety has high quality grain: content of protein - 15.09 %, of fat - 5.62 %, of oleinic acid 40.9 %, and test weight - 642 g/l. In 2015 and 2017 scientists from Federal Agricultural Scientific Center of North-East and Samara Agricultural Research Institute transferred to State Test varieties Bekas and Baget correspondingly. New varieties form quality valuable grain for production of food for total, functional and gluten-free nutrition - content of gluten was less than 20 mg per g of product, content of oleic acid is 36.42 and 33.49 %, of linolic acid - 35.89 and 38.37 % correspondingly. Variety Bekas is resistant to helminthosporium leaf blotch and frit fly (death 1.01…1.45 % at defeat level of 1.85…2.46 %), to crown rust; Variety Baget is resistant to frit fly, weakly defeat with panicle fusarium and root rot.