Unusual items made of ram shoulder bone from the craftsmen’s quarter at the Bolgar hillfort (2013-2015 excavations)

The paper describes unusual items made of ram shoulder bones. They werediscovered in a craftsmen’s quarter at the Bolgar Hillfort in the occupational layers of theearly Golden Horde Period (second half of the 13th - first decade of the 14th centuries). The treatment traces preserved on their surface are consistent with several operations that,undoubtedly, pursued one objective, which is to produce a rather thin plate. It is proposedto interpret these items as bone tablets for writing and making signs based on the closestanalogies and the historical context.