Search for new tactical approaches to surgical treatment of bullous emphysema of the lungs

Goal. To analyze the literature data devoted to the problem of improving tactical approaches to surgical treatment of bullous emphysema of the lungs. Material and methods. The analysis of the literature data devoted to the problem of surgical treatment of bullous emphysema of the lungs is carried out. Results. The article presents data on surgical treatment of pulmonary bullous emphysema complicated by spontaneous pneumothorax. It is shown that when bullous emphysema of the lungs is detected, the patient is shown surgical treatment aimed at eliminating pathological changes. Taking into account the desire to minimize the implementation of interventions, single-port, double-port and video-assisted operations have been developed and applied. The advantages of minimally invasive operations are obvious: reducing the duration of intervention and the length of hospital stay, reducing the frequency of complications during surgery and in the postoperative period. However, the need to use specific tools and visualization features restrain the spread of minimally invasive techniques. Nevertheless, the discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of a minimally invasive intervention is actively continuing at the present time. Conclusion. Summarizing the above information, it should be noted that surgical treatment of bullous pulmonary emphysema complicated by spontaneous pneumothorax is a complex and multifaceted problem. None of the conditions in thoracic surgery causes as much discussion in the choice of diagnostic and therapeutic tactics as pneumothorax.