New biomarkers of mineral bone disorders in chronic kidney disease - focus on FGF23 and factor Klotho

The increasing number of patients suffering from chronic kidney disease has been registered recently. At present, the disease ranks 5 th among all causes of death. Clinical manifestations of chronic kidney disease are very diverse. The study pays special attention to mineral and bone disorders occurring almost in all patients suffering from this illness. The mentioned disorders have multifactoral pathogenesis, significantly worsen the prognosis, and require special medical approach to conservative therapy and timely surgical treatment. The article is concerned with the role that FGF23 (fibroblast groWth factor 23) and factor Klotho play among other risk factors forwarding development and progression of mineral bone disorders in chronic kidney disease. The research is also aimed at identification of other factors enhancing cardiovascular risks. Particular attention is paid to hyperphosphatemia, which is one of the initiators of mineral bone disorders in chronic kidney disease, to the association between FGF23 activity level and factor Klotho, and to the possible ways of disorders’ correction currently available in medicine. Activity of FGF23 and factor Klotho may be predictors of mineral bone disorders’ development and progression in case of chronic kidney disease in the pre-clinical stage, therefore, correction of disorders at this stage may slow down both the development and progression of such serious abnormalities leading to disability of patients.