On categorization and transcategorization of relative adjectives

The article deals with the study of relative adjectives in terms of specificity of their concepts, peculiarities of their semantic nature, mobility of their cognitive processes of categorization, and transcategorization. Specificity of the concept of relative adjectives is based on their morphological characteristics, their belonging to a specific morphological class and subclass. Having no ontological properties, the properties of relative adjectives, at the same time, are at the intersection of knowledge about the world and about the language itself. On the other hand, adjectives form the nominative field of classified properties of other substantive concepts. Duality inherent to their semantics interferes with their attribution to a certain class. Understanding of relative adjectives as equal members of the category of adjectives, that express property, is conditioned by the use of cognitive approach. The process of noun transcategorization into an adjective leads to conceptualization of the object - bearer of properties - into an attribute, which is highlighted in the object. In the derivative concept some properties become salient, which may become the basis for metophorization if they are profiled as a result of an unusual use. Later appearance of mental cognition, cognition of the human inner world is the basis for transition of relative adjectives into qualitative ones. Therefore, in the present article relative adjectives are viewed, in terms of their cognitive essence, as objects and results of constant transcategorization.