Concerning the necessity to keep the fundamental mathematics education in Russia in the 21st century

The article presents a brief analysis of the fundamental mathematical education development in Russia from the late 19th century to our days. The author argues that it is the fundamental mathematics that teaches students to answer “why" questions, not “how" ones. It is emphasized, that market economics impeded a lot the development of the fundamental mathematics. It is concluded, that despite its attractiveness the conception of universal computerization supposes certain rejection of mathematical theorization. In the author’s opinion, it is the fundamental mathematical education that develops intelligence of young people and prevents their excessive confidence in the “powerful" computer.