Concerning the public nature of employment: a sociological approach

The paper updates the scientific discussion on the relationship between the notions of labor and employment in sociology. The author addresses the issue of the need to construct a sociological theory of employment that will allow one to systematize the theoretical and methodological ideas about the role and significance of these social phenomena for the social reproduction. The basis of this process is labor activity; its characteristics determine the specific features of the life of each person as a member of society. Thus, the author focuses on the public nature of the origin and reproduction of both labor and employment analyzing existing approaches to understanding the labor relations. The public nature of employment is explained by the evolving historical development of society and economy. It changes its forms depending on the type of labor relations inherent in any type of economy.