Assessment of the adaptive potential of during spring wheat varieties yield

The research objective was the identification of the varieties of durum spring wheat with broad adaptation and steadily high productivity. Five varieties of durum spring wheat on the sign “yield of grain” on two of predecessors (bare fallow and spring wheat) on the intensive agriculture were studied. The variety Oasis was taken for the standard. For 4 years of the research (2017-2020) the yield on the experimental fields made on bare fallow 3.12-5.70 t/hectares, or spring wheat - 2.61-5.89 t/hectare. Moistening in 2018 and 2019 was insufficient, in 2020 - it was sufficient, and in 2017 even superfluous. In the process of the analysis of received data the parameters of ecological plasticity, stability and homeostatic varieties were used: the yields on the contrasting years (Y1+Y2)/2; the index of ecological plasticity (IEP); stress tolerance (Y1-Y2), the coefficient of linear regression (bi), the coefficient variations (V); stability index (L′), stability measure (S2d),swing yield (d), the indexes of the level and stability variety (ILSV); homeostatic ability (Hom); the selection value variety (Sc), the index of selection value variety (Sind); the coefficient of adaptability (CA). The indicators of ecological plasticity, stability and homeostatic varieties were determined according to the methods of S.A. Eberhart et W.A. Russell, Rossielle et Hamblin, A.A. Gryaznov, E.D. Nettevich and others, Zykin V.A. and others, V.V. Khangildin, N.A. Orlyansky, L.A. Zhivotkov and others, G.T. Selyaninov with the application of computer programme “Excel”. On the indexes of ecological plasticity only the variety Pamyati Yanchenko, irrespective of predecessors, was capable to be plastic. All the varieties were able to give high-repeatability of yield in any weather conditions, but on one predecessor, Zhemchuzhina Sibiri - irrespective of any predecessors. Oazis and Pamyati Yanchenko on any predecessors were capable of forming high yields according to homeostatic parameters. According to the system of ranking varieties Zhemchuzhina Sibiri and Pamyati Yanchenko possessed the greatest adaptive potential independently for the predecessors. The variety Oazis showed the best result only for bare fallow.