Biosafety assessment of multifunctional drug based on nanobentonite in the bacterial tests

The article presents the material on the preparation of nanoscale bentonite and evaluation of the effects caused by it on the mutation process in strains of Salmonella typhimurium. It was found that the structure, size and shape of the particles of nanoscale bentonite differed significantly from bentonite. Bentonite particles had a conical shape and sizes from 0.3 to 1.0 цт, nanoscale bentonite - oval-convex shape and particle sizes from 25 to 95 nm, single particles (less than 10.0 %) had a size of 0.6 цт and the shape of irregular polyhedra. The structure of bentonite is represented by individual fragments of the constituent minerals containing packages of lamelee 0.6 цт, cemented with an amorphous mass. In the structure of the nanoscale bentonite is noted amorphous mass and single packs of lamelee micrometer range. It is established that nanoscale bentonite does not have mutagenic activity against microorganisms. Evaluation of the antimutagenic potential of nanoscale bentonite showed that it has a moderate inhibitory effect on mutagenesis caused by mitomycin C, 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine and ethylmethansulfonate, and no effect was found on the genotoxic potential of hydrogen peroxide. The obtained results demonstrate the absence of genotoxicity of nanoscale bentonite, which can be used to develop safe materials of a new generation based on nanotechnology methods.